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    Nano-Technology in Drug Discovery  & Development

                                                          


The Technology which uses creation and utilization of materials, devices and systems through the control of matter on the nanometer scale is called Nano-technology. Impact on diagnostics and drug delivery is created by the application of nanotechnology in life sciences, nanobiotechnology. Now, researchers are started using Nano-technology (including nanoparticles and nanodevices such as Nano-biosensors and Nano-biochips) in the field of drug discovery and development. Nano-substances could be potential drugs for the future. Safety concerns, determining the nature and extent of adverse events of drugs are determined by the use of Nano-technology.Nanotechnology applications in healthcare and for the development of personalized medicine appear to be excellent.
Analyses of signaling pathways by nanobiotechnology techniques provides new insights into disease processes by identifying biomarkers and understanding the mechanisms of action of drugs. which will help in designing new approaches to drug discovery. Various fundamental nanotechnologies and nanodevices are used in drug discovery. Technologies like nanoscale miniaturizations of microfluidic used in proteomics.

Nanotechnologies:
  • ·         High-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry
  • ·         Investigating biomolecular interactions with atomic force Microscopy
  • ·         Examining molecular reactions and interactions using cantilevers
  • ·         Assays based on endocytosis at the nanoscale
  • ·         Surface plasmon resonance
  • ·         Nanoflow liquid chromatography
  • ·         Fluorescence planar wave guide technology

Nanowire devices:
  • ·         Biosensors
  • ·         Nano-wire devices
  • ·         Nano-fluidics,
  • ·         Nano-arrays
  • ·         Nano-biochips

Nanomaterials as drug candidates:
  • ·         Dendrimers
  • ·         Fullerenes

Future of nanotechnology-based drug discovery:

Nano-biotechnology applications in pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries is anticipated. several other nanotechnologies are in development for use in life sciences from innovations based on Nano-particles. In future, it might be possible to accurately model the structure of an individual cell and to predict its function using computers connected to nanobiotechnology systems. Such a detailed virtual representation of how a cell functions might enable scientists to develop novel drugs with unprecedented speed and precision, without doing any experiments on living animals.

Nanotechnology can be applied at all stages of drug development, from formulations for optimal delivery to diagnostic applications in clinical trials. It will fit in with the concepts for the integration of diagnostics and therapeutics to develop personalized medicine.





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